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SELF stands for Signed Executable and Linkable Format. | SELF stands for Signed Executable and Linkable Format. SPRX stands for Signed Playstation Relocatable eXecutable. They are the format used by the executables on the PS3 and PSVita. | ||
[[File:Self.png|thumb|alt=A screenshot of f0f's presentation at CCC2010.]] | [[File:Self.png|thumb|alt=A screenshot of f0f's presentation at CCC2010.]] | ||
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= Introduction = | = Introduction = | ||
It consists of a CF header with an extended header followed by the encapsulated ELF file. ELF sections can be compressed using gzip. SELFs are encrypted and signed, unlike fSELFs. ELF sections are encrypted using AES128 and signed using ECDSA160 or RSA2048 + HMAC-SHA1 or HMAC-SHA256. SELF file has a specific header called Extended header where it stores all the parameters for this program. | |||
*Extended Header | *Extended Header | ||
It consists of information regarding the structure and offsets of the SELF. The first part is in plaintext until you reach Encryption Root Header. | |||
*Encryption Root Header | *Encryption Root Header | ||
Encryption Root Header is encrypted under | Encryption Root Header is itself encrypted under AES256CBC. It contains key and ivec to further decrypt the Certification data using AES128(CBC or CTR). | ||
*Certification data | *Certification data | ||
Certification Header, Certification Body and | The Certification Header, Certification Body and Certification Footer are encrypted under this AES128 layer and are decrypted with the key above. | ||
*Certification Header | *Certification Header | ||
Certification Header contains the info required to authenticate the Certification. The Certification Footer signature is ECDSA160 of the SHA1 digest of the SELF file starting at offset 0x0 and ending at offset footer_offset, or RSA2048 ?of the same data?. | |||
*Data | *Data Sections | ||
The data sections can be encrypted and/or compressed. SHA1/HMAC-SHA1/HMAC-SHA256 is used to ensure that they have not been modified. | |||
= Cryptography = | = Cryptography = | ||
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Basically here are the steps being involved by the loaders: | Basically here are the steps being involved by the loaders: | ||
Loaders all have a static key and iv called respectively <abbr title="ERK - 256bit Encryption Round Key">erk</abbr> and <abbr title="RIV - 128bit Reset Initialization Vector">riv</abbr>. Those are keys for the first decryption step which | Loaders all have a static key and iv called respectively <abbr title="ERK - 256bit Encryption Round Key">erk</abbr> and <abbr title="RIV - 128bit Reset Initialization Vector">riv</abbr>. Those are keys for the first decryption step which are used to decrypt the very first 0x40 bytes of the SELF's metadata using <abbr title="AES256CBC - Advanced Encryption Standard - 256 bit - Cipher-block chaining">AES256CBC</abbr>. | ||
Then the result is used as key and iv to decrypt the rest of the Certification data using <abbr title="AESCTR - Advanced Encryption Standard - Counter Mode">AES128CTR</abbr> (PS3) or AES128CBC ( | Then the result is used as key and iv to decrypt the rest of the Certification data using <abbr title="AESCTR - Advanced Encryption Standard - Counter Mode">AES128CTR</abbr> (PS3) or AES128CBC (PSVita). Finally the decrypted Certification data contains the key and iv for each data sections which are still decrypted following the Segment Certification Header information. This security model is based on the fact that the Certification Root Header once decrypted by the static AES256CBC key in the loader should never be the same from one binary to the other. The same goes for any other value used as an AES128 key or iv. | ||
Loaders are also involved with inflating the binaries using zlib. | Loaders are also involved with inflating the binaries using zlib. | ||
The SELF authenticity is based on other independent steps, <abbr title="HMAC-SHA1 - Hash-based Message Authentication Code - Secure Hash Algorithm 1">HMAC-SHA1</abbr> or HMAC-SHA256 of the data | The SELF authenticity is based on other independent steps, <abbr title="HMAC-SHA1 - Hash-based Message Authentication Code - Secure Hash Algorithm 1">HMAC-SHA1</abbr> or HMAC-SHA256 of the data sections and <abbr title="ECDSA - Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm">ECDSA160</abbr> or RSA2048 for the signature of the header and the Certification data. | ||
== Short references == | == Short references == | ||
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= fSELF = | = fSELF = | ||
fSELF stands for fake signed ELF. It is the format | fSELF stands for fake signed ELF. It is the format ouput by developer SDK. As it name suggests, it is not signed nor encrypted. If it was, that would imply SDK embeds private keys to sign it and keys to encrypt it. | ||
A fSELF has Attribute set to 0x8000. ?always? | A fSELF has Attribute set to 0x8000. ?always? | ||
A fSELF has usually less rights than a | A fSELF has usually less rights than a System SELF. The OS recognizes a fSELF by looking at its program-authority-id. | ||
To document more... | To document more... | ||
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== PS3 == | == PS3 == | ||
Files with extensions: eboot.bin, | Files with extensions: eboot.bin, .self, .sprx. | ||
See also [[SELFs inside ELFs]]. | See also [[SELFs inside ELFs]]. | ||
== | == PSVita == | ||
Files with extensions: eboot.bin, | Files with extensions: eboot.bin, .self, .suprx, .skprx. | ||
= File Format = | = File Format = | ||
Notes: | Notes: | ||
* Warning: PS3 uses big endian, | * Warning: PS3 uses big endian, PSVita uses little endian. | ||
* Encapsulated ELF header fields are useless (only the EI_CLASS EI_DATA and EI_VERSION fields are checked). | * Encapsulated ELF header fields are useless (only the EI_CLASS EI_DATA and EI_VERSION fields are checked). | ||
== PS3 early | == PS3 early type 3 SELFs == | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
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</pre> | </pre> | ||
== Special | == Special SELFs == | ||
=== Warhawk public beta release 012 === | === Warhawk public beta release 012 === | ||
Oldest official game SELF ( | Oldest official game SELF (not NPDRM !!!) I have found for now: 2007-06-08. | ||
*https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://download-prod.online.scea.com/medius-patch/warhawk-pubeta/warhawk//* | *https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://download-prod.online.scea.com/medius-patch/warhawk-pubeta/warhawk//* | ||
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== Extended Header == | == Extended Header == | ||
Extended Header offsets are relative to | Extended Header offsets are relative to Certified File start. | ||
=== Struct === | === Struct === | ||
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! field !! offset !! type !! notes | ! field !! offset !! type !! notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Extended Header version || 0x0 || u64 || 3 for PS3, 4 for | | Extended Header version || 0x0 || u64 || 3 for PS3, 4 for PSVita | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Program Identification Header offset || 0x8 || u64 || Offset to Program Identification Header. | | Program Identification Header offset || 0x8 || u64 || Offset to Program Identification Header. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ELF Header offset || 0x10 || u64 || Offset to ELF | | ELF Header offset || 0x10 || u64 || Offset to ELF header. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Program Header offset || 0x18 || u64 || Offset to ELF Program Header. | | Program Header offset || 0x18 || u64 || Offset to ELF Program Header. | ||
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=== Comments === | === Comments === | ||
The real ELF data is located after the | The real ELF data is located after the extended header (see header size). It is encrypted, unless attribute is 0x8000. unfself works by cutting the SCE header from the (fake)SELF and if needed decompressing sections. | ||
== Program Identification Header == | == Program Identification Header == | ||
Temp name was App Info. Official name is Program Identification Header. | |||
=== Struct === | === Struct === | ||
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[http://www.openwatcom.com/ftp/devel/docs/elf-64-gen.pdf ELF-64 Object File Format] | [http://www.openwatcom.com/ftp/devel/docs/elf-64-gen.pdf ELF-64 Object File Format] | ||
==== | ==== PSVita ==== | ||
<source lang="C"> | <source lang="C"> | ||
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|} | |} | ||
See also [https://wiki.henkaku.xyz/vita/images/a/a2/Vita_SDK_specifications.pdf | See also specifications: | ||
[https://wiki.henkaku.xyz/vita/images/a/a2/Vita_SDK_specifications.pdf yifanlu specs] | |||
=== SCE specific ELF types (e_type) === | === SCE specific ELF types (e_type) === | ||
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<source lang="C"> | <source lang="C"> | ||
/* SCE-specific definitions for e_type: */ | /* SCE-specific definitions for e_type: */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_EXEC 0xFE00 /* SCE Executable | #define ET_SCE_EXEC 0xFE00 /* SCE Executable */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_RELEXEC 0xFE04 /* SCE Relocatable Executable | #define ET_SCE_RELEXEC 0xFE04 /* SCE Relocatable Executable */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_STUBLIB 0xFE0C /* SCE SDK Stubs */ | #define ET_SCE_STUBLIB 0xFE0C /* SCE SDK Stubs */ | ||
#define | #define ET_SCE_UNKFE10 0xFE10 /* Unknown (probably PS4 Executable with ASLR) */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_DYNAMIC 0xFE18 /* ? */ | #define ET_SCE_DYNAMIC 0xFE18 /* ? */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_IOPRELEXEC 0xFF80 /* SCE IOP Relocatable Executable */ | #define ET_SCE_IOPRELEXEC 0xFF80 /* SCE IOP Relocatable Executable */ | ||
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#define ET_SCE_PSPRELEXEC 0xFFA0 /* SCE PSP Relocatable Executable */ | #define ET_SCE_PSPRELEXEC 0xFFA0 /* SCE PSP Relocatable Executable */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_PPURELEXEC 0xFFA4 /* SCE PPU Relocatable Executable */ | #define ET_SCE_PPURELEXEC 0xFFA4 /* SCE PPU Relocatable Executable */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_ARMRELEXEC 0xFFA5 /* ?SCE ARM Relocatable Executable ( | #define ET_SCE_ARMRELEXEC 0xFFA5 /* ?SCE ARM Relocatable Executable (PSVita FW <=0.931) */ | ||
#define ET_SCE_PSPOVERLAY 0xFFA8 /* ? */ | #define ET_SCE_PSPOVERLAY 0xFFA8 /* ? */ | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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</source> | </source> | ||
==== | ==== PSVita ==== | ||
<source lang="C"> | <source lang="C"> | ||
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=== SCE specific segment types (p_type) === | === SCE specific segment types (p_type) === | ||
<source lang=" | <source lang="C"> | ||
#define PT_SCE_RELA 0x60000000 | #define PT_SCE_RELA 0x60000000 | ||
#define PT_SCE_DYNLIBDATA 0x61000000 | #define PT_SCE_DYNLIBDATA 0x61000000 | ||
#define | #define PT_SCE_PROCPARAM 0x61000001 | ||
#define | #define PT_SCE_UNK_61000010 0x61000010 | ||
#define PT_SCE_COMMENT 0x6FFFFF00 | #define PT_SCE_COMMENT 0x6FFFFF00 | ||
#define PT_SCE_LIBVERSION 0x6FFFFF01 | #define PT_SCE_LIBVERSION 0x6FFFFF01 | ||
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#define PT_SCE_EEMOD 0x70000090 | #define PT_SCE_EEMOD 0x70000090 | ||
#define PT_SCE_PSPRELA 0x700000A0 | #define PT_SCE_PSPRELA 0x700000A0 | ||
#define PT_SCE_PPURELA 0x700000A4 | #define PT_SCE_PPURELA 0x700000A4 | ||
#define PT_SCE_SEGSYM 0x700000A8 | #define PT_SCE_SEGSYM 0x700000A8 | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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== Segment Extended Header == | == Segment Extended Header == | ||
Temp name was SELF Section Info. Official name is segment_ext_header. | |||
A table which maps each phdr entry to the actual offset/size within the encrypted CF. Indeed, because sections can be compressed, they might not match the values listed within the ELF phdr/shdr. | |||
There is one of these entries for each ELF phdr (ELF Program Segment Header) entry in the ELF file so that the console knows where to decrypt the data from | There is one of these entries for each ELF phdr (ELF Program Segment Header) entry in the ELF file so that the console knows where to decrypt the data from (because it might also be compressed). | ||
=== Struct === | === Struct === | ||
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| Size || 0x08 || u64 || Size of data | | Size || 0x08 || u64 || Size of data | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Compression || 0x10 || u32 || 1 = uncompressed, 2 = compressed | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Unknown || 0x14 || u32 || Always 0, as far as I know. | | Unknown || 0x14 || u32 || Always 0, as far as I know. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Encryption || 0x18 || u64 || 1 = encrypted, 2 = unencrypted | ||
|} | |} | ||
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== Supplemental Header Table == | == Supplemental Header Table == | ||
Temp name was Control Information. Official name is supplemental_header_table. | |||
=== Struct === | === Struct === | ||
<source lang="C"> | <source lang="C"> | ||
typedef struct { | typedef struct { | ||
uint32_t type; // 1=PS3 plaintext_capability; 2=PS3 ELF digest; 3=PS3 NPDRM, 4= | uint32_t type; // 1=PS3 plaintext_capability; 2=PS3 ELF digest; 3=PS3 NPDRM, 4=PSVita ELF digest; 5=PSVita NPDRM; 6=PSVita boot param; 7=PSVita shared secret | ||
uint32_t size; | uint32_t size; | ||
uint64_t next; // 1 if another Supplemental Header element follows else 0 | uint64_t next; // 1 if another Supplemental Header element follows else 0 | ||
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// type 2, 0x40 bytes | // type 2, 0x40 bytes | ||
struct { // 0x30 bytes of data | struct { // 0x30 bytes of data | ||
uint8_t constant[0x14]; // same for every PS3 | uint8_t constant[0x14]; // same for every PSVita/PS3 SELF, hardcoded in make_fself.exe: 627CB1808AB938E32C8C091708726A579E2586E4 | ||
uint8_t elf_digest[0x14]; // SHA-1. Hash F2C552BF716ED24759CBE8A0A9A6DB9965F3811C is | uint8_t elf_digest[0x14]; // SHA-1. Hash F2C552BF716ED24759CBE8A0A9A6DB9965F3811C is blackisted by appldr | ||
uint64_t required_system_version; // filled on Sony | uint64_t required_system_version; // filled on Sony auth server, contains decimal PS3_SYSTEM_VER value from PARAM.SFO | ||
} PS3_elf_digest_header_40; | } PS3_elf_digest_header_40; | ||
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// type 3, 0x90 bytes | // type 3, 0x90 bytes | ||
struct { // 0x80 bytes of data | struct { // 0x80 bytes of data | ||
uint32_t magic; // 4E 50 44 00 ("NPD.") | |||
uint32_t license_version; | |||
uint32_t drm_type; // [[License Types|license_type]] | |||
uint32_t app_type; // [[App Types|app_type]] | |||
uint8_t content_id[0x30]; | |||
uint8_t digest[0x10]; // SHA-1 hash of debug self/sprx created with make_fself_npdrm | |||
uint8_t inv_digest[0x10]; // hash_cid_fname | |||
uint8_t xor_digest[0x10]; // hash_cid | |||
uint8_t padding[0x10]; | |||
} PS3_npdrm_header; | } PS3_npdrm_header; | ||
// type 4, 0x50 bytes | // type 4, 0x50 bytes | ||
struct { // 0x40 bytes of data | struct { // 0x40 bytes of data | ||
uint8_t constant[0x14]; // same for every PS3 | uint8_t constant[0x14]; // same for every PSVita/PS3 SELF, hardcoded in make_fself.exe: 627CB1808AB938E32C8C091708726A579E2586E4 | ||
uint8_t elf_digest[0x20]; // SHA-256 of source ELF file. | uint8_t elf_digest[0x20]; // SHA-256 of source ELF file. | ||
uint8_t padding[8]; | uint8_t padding[8]; | ||
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struct { // 0x100 bytes of data | struct { // 0x100 bytes of data | ||
uint32_t magic; // 7F 44 52 4D (".DRM") | uint32_t magic; // 7F 44 52 4D (".DRM") | ||
uint32_t finalized_flag; // ex: 80 00 00 01 | uint32_t finalized_flag; // ex: 80 00 00 01 | ||
uint32_t drm_type; // [[ | uint32_t drm_type; // [[License Types|license_type]] ex: 2 local, 0xD free with license | ||
uint32_t padding; | uint32_t padding; | ||
uint8_t content_id[0x30]; | uint8_t content_id[0x30]; | ||
uint8_t digest[0x10]; // ?sha-1 hash of debug | uint8_t digest[0x10]; // ?sha-1 hash of debug self/sprx created using make_fself_npdrm? | ||
uint8_t padding_78[0x78]; | uint8_t padding_78[0x78]; | ||
uint8_t hash_signature[0x38]; // unknown hash/signature | |||
} PSVita_npdrm_header; | } PSVita_npdrm_header; | ||
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// type 7, 0x50 bytes | // type 7, 0x50 bytes | ||
struct { // 0x40 bytes of data | struct { // 0x40 bytes of data | ||
uint8_t shared_secret_0[0x10]; // ex: 0x7E7FD126A7B9614940607EE1BF9DDF5E or full of zeroes | |||
uint8_t shared_secret_1[0x10]; // ex: full of zeroes | |||
uint8_t shared_secret_2[0x10]; // ex: full of zeroes | |||
uint8_t shared_secret_3[0x10]; // ex: full of zeroes | |||
} PSVita_shared_secret_header; | } PSVita_shared_secret_header; | ||
}; | }; | ||
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=== Comments === | === Comments === | ||
There are 3 digests in ps3_npdrm_header: | |||
*digest is the sha1 checksum of the entire SELF file. | |||
*inv_digest is the inverse of digest. | |||
*xor_digest is digest XORed with 0xAAAAAA..AAAAAB. | |||
The PSJailbreak payload ignores the actual checksums, but checks that the 3rd checksum is the 2nd checksum XORed with 0xAAAAAA..AAAAAB. | |||
Notes: | |||
* See [[Capability_Flags]]. | * See [[Capability_Flags]]. | ||
* PS3 loader uses supplemental_header_table to handle some data: | * PS3 loader uses supplemental_header_table to handle some data: | ||
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uint8[0x14] elf_digest; /* sha1 hash of the ELF file */ | uint8[0x14] elf_digest; /* sha1 hash of the ELF file */ | ||
uint32_t unknown_0; /* seems to be padding */ | uint32_t unknown_0; /* seems to be padding */ | ||
uint64_t | uint64_t required_system_vesion; /* PS3_SYSTEM_VER, decimal format */ | ||
} supplemental_header_table; | } supplemental_header_table; | ||
</source> | </source> | ||
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= Extraction = | = Extraction = | ||
=== ELF Header === | |||
Elf64_Ehdr elfHeader; | |||
fseek ( selfFile, fix64 ( selfHeader.elfHeaderOffset ), SEEK_SET ); | |||
fread ( &elfHeader, sizeof ( Elf64_Ehdr ), 1, selfFile ); | |||
fseek ( elfFile, 0, SEEK_SET ); | |||
fwrite ( &elfHeader, sizeof ( Elf64_Ehdr ), 1, elfFile ); | |||
== | === Section Headers === | ||
Elf64_Shdr elfSectionHeaders[100]; | |||
fseek ( selfFile, fix64 ( selfHeader.elfSectionHeadersOffset ), SEEK_SET ); | |||
fread ( elfSectionHeaders, sizeof ( Elf64_Shdr ), fix16 ( elfHeader.e_shnum ), selfFile ); | |||
fseek ( elfFile, fix64 ( elfHeader.e_shoff ), SEEK_SET ); | |||
fwrite ( elfSectionHeaders, sizeof ( Elf64_Shdr ), fix16 ( elfHeader.e_shnum ), elfFile ); | |||
=== | === Section Data === | ||
Notes: | |||
*Unknown, manually copying the data over works for now. | |||
*There should be a section data offset somewhere. | |||
=== | === Program Headers === | ||
Elf64_Phdr elfProgramHeaders[100]; | |||
fseek ( selfFile, fix64 ( selfHeader.elfProgramHeadersOffset ), SEEK_SET ); | |||
fread ( elfProgramHeaders, sizeof ( Elf64_Phdr ), fix16 ( elfHeader.e_phnum ), selfFile ); | |||
fseek ( elfFile, fix64 ( elfHeader.e_phoff ), SEEK_SET ); | |||
fwrite ( elfProgramHeaders, sizeof ( Elf64_Phdr ), fix16 ( elfHeader.e_phnum ), elfFile ); | |||
=== Program Data === | |||
Notes: | |||
*Load the Encryption Root Header and decrypt the key and ivec entries using AES256CBC with erk and riv from OS. | |||
*Load the Certification Header and decrypt it using AES128CTR/CBC with the key and ivec entries from the Encryption Root Header. | |||
*Load the Segment Certification Headers and decrypt them using AES128CTR/CBC with the key and ivec entries from the Encryption Root Header. | |||
*Load the Segment Certifications and decrypt them using AES128CTR/CBC with the key and ivec entries from the Encryption Root Header. | |||
*For each Segment Certification: | |||
**In the SELF file, fseek to data_offset and read in data_size bytes. | |||
**Decrypt the data using the algorithm, key and ivec from the Segment Certification specified by keyIndex and ivecIndex in the Segment Certification Header. | |||
**Uncompress the data using the algorithm specified in the Segment Certification Header. | |||
**Write the output data to the ELF file as the program section specified by program_idx in the Segment Certification Header. | |||
{{File Formats}}<noinclude> | {{File Formats}}<noinclude>[[Category:Main]]</noinclude> | ||
[[Category:Main]] | |||
</noinclude> |